Prin.Dr.Sadanand H.Gone ,
Ujwal Gramin Mahvidyalaya,Ghonshi
Introduction
In
the present research paper a special study has been made of the typology of
market centres. So far as the study of spatial organization of market centres
is concerned an understanding of the typology of market centres is important.
Generally, classification shows a number of features about market centres which
bear on the distinguished interaction pattern between the market and sellers,
market and its consumers, and in a totally, the market and its hinterland.
Therefore, it assists in planning and programming further developments at the
market centre at the grass roots, ensues as a natural consequence.
It is
necessary to study that the kind of locality where the market centres are
located i.e Urban / Rural play a vital role in the importance of market
centres. Hodder and Ukwu (1969) have classified the market centres of Ibadan
area on the basis of their leading study of West African market centres. Dixit
(1988) has classified the markets of Hamirpur District (U.P.) on the basis of various
factors of typology of market centres. Largely populated point
in which the market centre is situated has greater attractive power. If the
populated point has urban status the pull factor becomes greater. On the
contrary a market located at a small rural centre, generally, does not exert a
greater pull if some other significant factor is not present. Broadly speaking
an urban area market is a larger as compared to its rural counterpart.
Out
of 77 market centres in Parbhani district, eight are urban and 69 market
centres are rural. There is no more than one urban market centre in any tahsil.
And there is not a single urban market centre in Palam tahsil.
Maximum
rural market centres are situated in Parbhani and Jintur tahsil.
Study Region
In the location point of view it is
very essential to think about all the geographical factors. For the present
study the eastern district of Maharashtra i.e Parbhani is chosen as a study
region. Parbhani district lies between 18058’ North to 19050’ North latitude and 76013’ East to
77012’ East longitude. The area of study region is
6511 km2,
which is 2.11 percent of the total area of the state. The population of the
study region is 1491109 (2001 Census) which is 2.76 Percent of the total
population in Maharashtra. The region includes 830 inhabited villages and eight
urban centres. The study region is administratively subdivided into nine
tahsils namely Parbhani, Gangakhed, Palam, Sonpeth, Purna, Pathri, Manwat,
Sailu and Jintur. The boundaries attached to the neighboring districts on north
by Buldhana and Akola, on east by Hingoli and Nanded, on south Latur and Beed
and on west Jalna district. The river Purna runs on the boundaries of Hingoli
and Parbhani district and work as to attach these two regions. The other river
Godavari which runs on the boundaries of Beed and Parbhani which forms a part
of study region. It runs through Pathri, Sonpeth, Manwat, Gangakhed, Palam and
Purna tahsils
Fig.1.1
Objective
The main
objective of the present research
paper is to find out an existing typology of
market centres
based on population size of the study region .
Data Base
The present work is based on
secondary data to the market centres and population. All the relevant published
and unpublished records have been considered. Secondary data has been collected
from the District Census Handbook, Parbhani District Gazetteer, Municipal year
book, District Statistical Abstracts and Socio-Economic Abstracts and Records of
Villages, Tahsils, and Panchayat offices. Some recent data is also collected
from the website, Census of India and from various websites.
Methodology
The present study is based on
different sources of data. Compilation of data is followed by computation and
re-arrangement of data in a tabular form. The data analysis includes
theoretical approaches. To analyze the various aspects of market centres
various statistical and quantitative techniques have been used.
The taxonomical (classification) method
has been used to analyze the typology of market centres
Classification Based on Population Size
Tamaskar
(1966) classified the weekly markets in the Sagar, Damoh plateau on the basis
of population size, area, commodities and attendance. Dixit (1985) classified
of market centres based on human numbers.
Two
classes have been made for urban centres and four for rural centres and
classified the market centres of the study region on the basis of population
size. Among the latter there are two classes which are below 5000 people and
they are below 2500 and 2500 to 4999. The remaining two rural classes are above
5000 i.e 5000 to 7499 and 7500 and above. Among the urban market centres two
classes are identified. They are below 20,000 and above 20,000. In the group of
rural market centres, 28 market centres belongs to below 2500 population size.
In it the highest number of market centres
are ten in Parbhani i.e Takli Bobde (2483), Salapuri (2335), Surpimpri (2073)
Sambar (1811), Sonna (1807), Pimpalgaon Sayyadmiyan (1808), Bhogaon (1553),
Tadpangri (1528) and Ekurka-traf-Pedgaon (691) and lowest number market centres
is only one in Manwat tahsil. i.e Kothla (1462). Out of 28 market centres
seventten are moderate number of market centres
Out of these six are in Pathri tahsil i.e. Patharghvan Bk. (2146),
Rampuri Kh. (1824) Gunj Kh.(1822), Nathra (1632), Sarola Kh. (650) and Kinhola
Kh (477), five are in Jintur tahsil. i.e Waghi Dhanora (2254), Bamni Bk (2017)
Sawli Bk (1719), Jogwada (1575) and Kothla (1327), four in Sonpeth tahsil i.e.
Sirsi Bk (2121), Kanhegaon (2062), Naikotha (2017), and Shelgaon Hatkar (1835)
and two in Sailu tahsil i.e. Kupta (2354) and Chikalthana Bk (2190) .
Table 1.1
Typology
of Market Centres Based on Population size
Source: Complied by researcher
based on field work.
Between
2500 to 4999 population size again, 28 rural market centres are located. Out of
28 market centres highest number of market centres are seven in Parbhani tahsil
i.e Shingnapur (4478), Sadegaon (4102), Lohagon (3844), Pokharni (3863), Arvi
(3364), Mandakhali (2880) Umari (2823) and lowest number of market centre is
one each in Gangakhed i.e (Kodri-2639) and Sonpeth (Shelgaon Maratha -2796)
These are seven such market centres located in Jintur namely Wazur Bk (3041),
Sawangi Mhalsa (4331), Itoli (3354), Adgaon Khandagale (4386) Wassa (4833),
Asegaon (3361) and Dudhgaon (4552), four each in Purna i.e. Kaulgaon (4887),
Wazur (4087), Katneshwar (3789) and Phulkalas (3311) and Pathri i.e Babhulgaon
(3557), Hadgaon Bk (3154), Limba (3768) and Waghala (2606). There are two
market centres in Manwat and Sailu each, in Manwat Rampuri Bk (3773) and
Kekarjawala (3309) in Sailu Deulgaon gat (3218) & Dasala (2600).
Between 5000 to 7499 population size eight market centres are situated.
Among eight, highest three market centres are located in Parbhani i.e Pedgaon
(6619), Pingli (5780), Daithana 6321. The lowest number of market centres only
one is found in Gangakhed i.e Ranisawargaon (6707). Remaining market centres are found in Purna
tahsil i.e. Tadkalas (6743) and Yerendeshwar (5611) and in Jintur tahsil. i.e Kausadi (6442), Bhogaon
(5248).
Five
market centres are located in above 7500 population size out of these two are
located in Jintur tahsil they are Bori (11977) and Charthana (7818). One each
in Parbhani (Zari -8771), Palam (Palam 11294) and in Sailu (Walur -9236).
Among
the urban market centres there are eight market centres. Only one market centre
is in below 20,000 population size i.e Sonpeth (13022) in Sonpeth tahsil, and
seven are in the group of above 20,000 population size. All market centres are
tahsils headquarters. They are Parbhani (259329), Gangakhed (40428), Purna
(33225), Pathri (32001) Manwat (29218), Sailu (39851) and Jintur (38112)(Table 1.1).
Conclusion
From the
typological analysis of market centres is based on population size
factor which is
considerable. So far as the development of various topologies is concerned
there are various important characteristics which come out. There are eight
urban market centres and 69 rural
market centres. Most of the rural market centres i.e. 56 belongs to the
population size below 5000. There are five rural market centres belong to the
population size above 7500. Out of eight urban market centre only one market
centre belongs to the population size below 20000 and rest seven market centres
belong to the population size above 20000.
From
examination of the typology based on population size factor it is seen, the types of market centres are dissimilar. This
dissimilarity is because of undulating physiography and other physical factors,
inadequacy of transportation network, the inadequacy in the supply of goods and
services, uneven distribution of population density, lack of communication
facilities etc.
References
1) Dixit, R.S.,
(1988): Spatial Organisation of Market Centres Pointer Publication, Jaipur, pp.94-134.
2) Dixit,
R.S., (1985) (a); Typology of market centre based on humanmember,Geographical Mesaic (Mukhopadhyaya, S.C. ... ed) Calcutta,Modern BookAgency, pp. 722-733.
3) Tamaskar B.G., (1966): The weekly
markets of Sagar DamohPlateau: National Geographical Journal of India, 12,
I March, pp. 38-50
4) Census
of India, (2001): Series-14, Maharashtra part, XII A& B,Parbhani
Distri Census Handbook.
5) Census
of India,(2001) Series -28, Maharahstra –Provisiona Population total Paper3.
6) Gone,
S.H. (2008) : A Study of Geographical Analysis of Market Centres in Parbhani District, Unpublished Ph.D.
Thesis S.R.T.M.U. Nanded.
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